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I AvKvsLv Ki‡Q| wek¦vqb cÖwµqv `ªæZB, cÖwZw`b MwZkxj n‡”Q| G be we‡k¦
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mgMÖ gvbe RvwZi Kj¨v‡b f’wgKv cvjb Ki‡Z cv‡i| †mKv‡j Avw`evmx‡`i‡K †Kvb
¯^xK…wZB †`qv nZbv| mviv we‡k¦^ miKvi¸‡jv, Avw`evmx‡`i mv‡_ Ggb me AvPiY K‡i‡Q,
†hb Zviv wb‡Riv, Zv‡`i ms¯‹…wZ I Rxebaviv wejyß n‡q hvq| Zviv Avw`evmx‡`i f’wg
I cvwb `Lj K‡i ‡bq| Avi miKvi¸‡jv; Avw`evmx‡`i ¯^vqËkvmb I ¯^vaxbZvi `vwe‡K
Ae‡njv K‡i G‡m‡Q, Af¨šÍixY I AvšÍR©vwZK Dfq we‡ePbvq| mKj Avw`evmxi hw` GKwU
wel‡q HKgZ¨ †_‡K _v‡K, Zvn‡jv Zviv miKvi¸‡jv‡K wek¦vm K‡ibv| Zviv wb‡R‡`i K_v e‡j| 2000 mv‡ji 28 RyjvB,
A_©‰bwZK I mvgvwRK ms¯’v (B‡KvmK) me©m¤§Zfv‡e HK¨gZ †cvlY K‡i †h, Avw`evmx
wel‡q (BDGbwcGdAvB) RvwZms‡Ni GKwU ¯’vqx msMVb M‡o †Zvjv n‡e| Avw`evmx gvby‡li
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GK Abb¨ c`‡ÿc| 2002 mv‡ji 24 †g, RvwZmsN gnvmwPe †Kvwd Avbvb, wbb¥iƒc GK
evYxi gva¨‡g Avw`evmx ¯’vqx †dvivg MV‡bi
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K‡i, mKj Avw`evmxi cÖwZ ej‡Z PvB,
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Avgiv GK be Aa¨v‡qi m~Pbv Kijvg|Ó Avgvi m‡›`n †bB †h, RvwZmsN cwiev‡i bZzb m`m¨
wn‡m‡e, RvwZms‡Ni kvwšÍ I DbœwZi c‡_
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RvwZmsN gnvmwP‡ei GB e³‡e¨ Avw`evmx‡`i cÖwZ AZ¨šÍ mnvbyf’wZ I †Rviv‡jv mg_©b
e¨³ n‡q‡Q| 1994 mv‡ji 23 wW‡m¤^i RvwZms‡Ni mvaviY cwil` 49/214 †iR¨y‡jk‡bi
gva¨‡g 9 AvM÷‡K AvšÍR©vwZK Avw`evmx w`em wn‡m‡e MÖnY K‡i| Avw`evmx‡`i
gvbevwaKvi, cwi‡ek, Dbœqb, wkÿv I ¯^v¯’¨ cÖf…wZ wel‡q, †hLv‡b Avw`evmxiv mgm¨vi
gy‡LvgywL n‡q _v‡K, †mme †ÿ‡Î AvšÍR©vwZK mn‡hvwMZv e„w×i j‡ÿ¨ RvwZmsN 1994-2004
mvj ch©šÍ mgq‡K Avw`evmx‡`i Rb¨ AvšÍR©vwZK `kK wn‡m‡e †NvlYv K‡i| AvšÍR©vwZK
Avw`evmx `k‡Ki g~j welq n‡jv;`Indigenous peoples:
participation in action’ cÖ_g
`k‡K KvswLZ jÿ¨gvÎv AwR©Z bv nIqvq, Avevi 1 Rvbyqvix 2005 mvj †_‡K 2014 mvj
ch©šÍ mgq‡K RvwZmsN wØZxq AvšÍR©vwZK Avw`evmx `kK †NvlYv Kiv n‡q‡Q, hv‡Z
RvwZms‡Ni m`m¨ ivóªmg~n Avw`evmx‡`i Dbœq‡bi cÖwZ g‡bv‡hvMx nq| RvwZms‡Ni
A_©‰bwZK I mvgvwRK cwil‡`i Aax‡b MwVZ 2000 mv‡j ¯’vqx †dviv‡gi m`m¨ msL¨v 16Rb;
Zvi g‡a¨ Avw`evmx‡`i m`m¨ 8Rb| ÔRvwZmsN ¯’vqx Avw`evmx †dvivgÕ MV‡bi †NvlYvi
Av‡jv‡K G wbe‡Ü AvšÍR©vwZK †cÖÿvcU I evsjv‡`‡ki Avw`evmx‡`i Rxebavivi wPÎ Ges
cªv_wgK wkÿv e¨e¯’v Zz‡j aiv n‡jv|
AvšÍR©vwZK HwZnvwmK †cÖÿvcU:
Dbwesk kZvwãi cÖvi‡¤¢,
AvšÍR©vwZK Pzw³i Aax‡b Avw`evmx‡`i myiÿv †`qv nq| hv‡nvK, A‡bK †`‡k we‡`k- bxwZ
I AvšÍR©vwZK mn‡hvwMZvi †ÿ‡Î A‡bK cwieZ©b Avm‡jI, Avw`evmx gvby‡liv †KvYVvmv
Ges Ae‡nwjZ †_‡K hvq| gvbwP‡Î Zv‡`i A`„k¨ iv_v nq I Zv‡`i Aw¯ÍZ¡‡K A¯^xKvi Kiv
nq| Zv‡`i‡K AvšÍR©vwZK AvB‡bi Ask we‡ePbv bv K‡i, GKvšÍB †`k¸‡jvi Af¨šÍixY welq
wn‡m‡e we‡ePbv Kiv nq| Zv‡`i‡K mve©‡fŠg †Kvb †`‡ki Rb¨ ÿwZKi MY¨ Kiv nZ| cÖkœ
n‡jv; eZ©gv‡b Kxfv‡e D³ fvebv D‡ë †Mj Ges AvšÍR©vwZK †evj cv‡ë †Mj? hv‡nvK,
AvšÍR©vwZK cwigÛ‡j Avw`evmx‡`i wb‡q A‡b‡K †f‡e‡Qb I f’wgKv cvjb K‡i‡Qb| gvwK©b
†cÖwm‡W›U w_‡qv†Wvi iæR‡fëmn A‡b‡KB G e¨vcv‡i mwµq f’wgKv †i‡L‡Qb| Avw`evmx‡`i
welqwU A‡bKw`b GKwU gvbevwaKvi iÿvg~jK cÖPviYvi Ask n‡q †_‡K wM‡qwQj| wKš‘,
Avw`evmxiv, GLb ev¯ÍÍeZv|
Avw`evmx I mn¯ªvã jÿ¨gvÎv:
RvwZmsN mn¯ªvã jÿ¨gvÎvq, cÖ_g
`dvq; `vwi`ª¨ we‡gvPb Ges wØZxq `dvq; mevi Rb¨ cÖv_wgK wkÿv wbwðZ Kivi K_v ejv
n‡q‡Q| Avw`evmx †dvivg mycvwik K‡i †h, Dbœq‡bi †ÿ‡Î gvbevwaKvi wfwËK c×wZ
Aej¤^b I Z`viwKi †ÿ‡Î Avw`evmx‡`i c~Y©v½ I mwµq AskMÖn‡Yi e¨e¯’v Ki‡Z n‡e|
†dvivg AviI mycvwik K‡i †h, RvZxq miKv‡ii `vwi`ª¨ we‡gvPb †KŠkjc‡Î Avw`evmx
gvby‡li f’wg, eb, †bŠ I Ab¨vb¨ RvZxq m¤ú‡`i AwaKv‡ii ¯^xK…wZ w`‡Z n‡e| Zv‡`i
wkï‡`i wkÿvi e¨vcv‡i Aek¨B mKj wm×všÍ MÖn‡Y Avw`evmx m¤úª`v‡qi AskMÖnY
_vK‡Z n‡e| gvZ…fvlv n‡e, wkÿv MÖn‡Yi cÖavb fvlv| Avi wbR wbR †`‡ki RvZxq fvlv
n‡e wkL‡bi wØZxq fvlv| ivóª‡K Aek¨B ¯^xKvi Ki‡Z n‡e †h, Avw`evmx‡`i wkÿv MÖn‡Y
cÖavbZg evav n‡jv; Zv‡`i wewÿß RxebhvÎv| iv󪸇jv‡K Zv‡`i Rb¨ cvV¨K&ªg
Dc‡hvwM K‡i ‰Zwi Ki‡Z n‡e| Avw`evmx ms¯‹…wZ m¤ú‡K© ÁvbvR©‡bi my‡hvM e„w× Ki‡Z
n‡e|
evsjv‡`‡ki cÖv_wgK wkÿv I
Avw`evmx wkï:
eZ©gv‡b, cÖv_wgK wkÿv ¯Í‡i mKj
wkïi Rb¨ cÖv_wgK wkÿvq; mviv‡`‡k, GKB cvV¨µg AbymiY Kiv nq| wKš‘, Avw`evmx
wkïiv we‡klZ cÖZ¨šÍ Rbc` I cve©Z¨ GjvKvi wkï‡`i Rb¨ G‡Z gvivZ¡K mgm¨v n‡”Q|
Zv‡`i‡K GKBmv‡_ `ywU wfbœ fvlv; evsjv I Bs‡iwR wk‡L cvV¨ welqe¯‘ co‡Z nq| d‡j,
mgZj GjvKvi wkï‡`i b¨vq, Zv‡`i‡KI evsjv fvlvq cov‡jLv Ki‡Z nq| cvV¨cy¯ÍK¸‡jv
iPbv Kivi mgq welqwU †gv‡UB we‡ePbvq ivLv nqwb| Avi Gme cy¯ÍK iPbvq huviv
mswkøó _v‡Kb; ZvivI Av‡`Š welq¸‡jv wPšÍv K‡ibwb| AZGe, hv nevi ZvB n‡”Q|
Avw`evmx wkïiv wbR wbR gvZ…fvlvi gva¨‡g †kLvi †Kvb my‡hvM cv‡”Qbv| cve©Z¨
GjvKvq, emevmiZ PvKgv, gvigv, Z½¨v, wÎcyiv, wLqvs, †evg, PvK, ivLvBb, gyis
Lywgmn mKj DcRvZxq wkïi Rb¨ wbR gvZ…fvlvq wkÿv MÖn‡Yi my‡hvM bv _vKvq , gvivZ¡K
mgm¨vq co‡Z nq| G‡Z, D‡jøL‡hvM¨ msL¨K wkï we`¨vjq wegyL n‡q I we`¨vjq Z¨vM K‡i
_v‡K| Avevi, wkÿK‡`i †ewki fvM wbR wbR DcRvZxq bv nIqvq, wkÿK-wkÿv_©x cvV
wewbgqI Am¤¢e cÖvq| †emiKvwi †ek wKQz ms¯’v; cve©Z¨ GjvKvq AšÍZ cÖvK-cÖv_wgK,
cÖ_g I wØZxq †kÖwYi cvV¨ welq¸‡jv wbR wbR gvZ…fvlvq cvV MÖn‡Y wkï‡`i mnvqZv
Ki‡Q| G‡ÿ‡Î BDGbwWwc-mnvqZvcÖvß GbwRI, KvwiZvm, AvwkKv, Kvj©eªæmn Ab¨vb¨ ms¯’vi
f’wgKv D‡jøL‡hvM¨| cvkcvwk, cve©Z¨ Dbœqb †evW© (BDwb‡m‡di mnvqZvq) cwiPvwjZ
cvov‡K›`ª¸‡jv cÖvK-cÖv_wgK ¯Í‡ii Avw`evmx wkï‡`i we`¨vjq Mg‡bvc‡hvwM K‡i †Zvjvi
†ÿ‡Î AZ¨šÍ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f’wgKv cvjb Ki‡Q| eZ©gvb miKvi cÖYxZ wkÿv bxwZ/2010-GI
Avw`evmx wkï‡`i gvZ…fvlvi gva¨‡g cvV`vb wb‡q bxwZ wba©viYx ch©v‡q I Avw`evmx‡`i
wb‡q hviv KvR Ki‡Qb, Zviv A‡bKfv‡e †f‡e †`L‡Qb| wKš‘ fvebv¸‡jv e¨vcK cwim‡i
GLbI `„k¨gvb bq| d‡j, cÖv_wgK ¯Í‡i eZ©gvb Avw`evmx wkï‡`i wkÿv MÖnY cÖwµqv
MÖnY‡hvM¨ Ges gvbm¤§Z ¯Í‡i n‡”Qbv, ejv P‡j| hviv m`i GjvKvq I GKUz Ae¯’vbMZ
myweav I Avw_©K ¯^”QjZv wb‡q Av‡Q; Zv‡`i †Q‡j-‡g‡qiv, Ab¨vb¨ wkï‡`i mv‡_
†gvUvgywU cvjøv w`‡Z cvi‡Q| wKš‘ wKQzUv `yM©g ev cÖZ¨šÍ GjvKvq hviv Av‡Q, Zv‡`i
wkïiv wewfbœfv‡e A‡bK ‡cQ‡b c‡o Av‡Q| Zv‡`i cÖv_wgK wkÿv fvjfv‡e n‡”Qbv|
cÖv_wgK ¯Í‡i, †hme †hvM¨Zv I `ÿZv wkï‡`i AR©b Kivi K_v, Avw`evmx wkïiv Zv
cvi‡Qbv| Avevi Zv‡`i gv‡S PvKgv, Z½¨v I wÎcyiv wkïiv wKQzUv evsjv fvlvq
cvi`wk© n‡q _v‡K| gvigv, wLqvs, †evg, PvK, gyis cÖf…wZ Avw`evmx wkïiv evsjv
fvlv mn‡R AvqZ¡ Ki‡Z cv‡ibv| eva¨ n‡q evsjv-Bs‡iwR fvlvq cvV MÖnY Ki‡Z nq| Gme Avw`evmx wkï cvV¨ welq fvjfv‡e
ü`q½g Ki‡Z cv‡ibv| ev›`ievb †Rjvi AwaKvsk wkï gvigv nIqvq, iv½vgvwU I LvMovQwo
†Rjvi Avw`evmx wkï‡`i Zzjbvq, Zviv wcwQ‡q Av‡Q| Avi gyis, wLqvs, †evg, PvK,
Lywg wkï‡`i wkLb n‡”QBbv, ejv P‡j| welq¸‡jv; bxwZ wba©viYx ch©v‡q †Zgb fvev
n‡”Qbv| bv nq, AšÍZ AviI `y`kK c~‡e© Avw`evmx wkï‡`i Rb¨, wbR wbR gvZ…fvlvq
cvV¨µg ˆZwi Kiv n‡Zv|
Avï KiYxq:
bZzb wkÿvbxwZ 2010-Gi Av‡jv‡K,
kxNªB AšÍZ cÖ_g I wØZxq †kÖwYi wkï‡`i gvZ…fvlvq cvVMÖn‡Yi c`‡ÿc MÖnY Kiv
cÖ‡qvRb| cÖvK-cÖv_wgK ev wkï †kÖwY‡Z Aek¨B gvZ…fvlvq wkÿv `vb I MÖn‡Yi c`‡ÿc
wb‡Z n‡e; G‡ÿ‡Î wb‡b¥v³ welq¸‡jv AMÖvwaKvi †`qv †h‡Z cv‡i;
·
GbwRI
cwiPvwjZ we`¨vjq¸‡jv‡Z e¨eüZ gvZ…fvlvi eB¸‡jv cwigvR©b I m¤úv`b Kiv‡bv cÖ‡qvRb|
·
Avw`evmx
fvlvq we‡klÁ‡`i w`‡q, †`‡k eZ©gv‡b cÖPwjZ cvV¨eB¸‡jv gvZ…fvlvq iPbv Kiv‡bv
cÖ‡qvRb| cÖwZwU Avw`evmxi mgvR, ms¯‹…wZ, cwi‡ek, HwZn¨ I RxebvPi‡Yi wfwˇZ
cvV¨eB cÖYqb Kiv; Gfv‡e †kÖwYwfwËK µgvš^‡q RvZxq IAvvšÍR©vwZK wel‡qi mv‡_ m¤ú„³
Kiv|
·
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we‡klÁ KwgwU MVb K‡i, cÖv_wgK ¯Í‡ii cvV¨µg‡K Avw`evmx‡`i Dc‡hvwM K‡i cvV¨eB
iPbv Ki‡Z n‡e|
·
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wØZxq †kªwY ch©šÍ, wbR wbR gvZ…fvlvq cvV MÖn‡Yi e¨e¯’v Ki‡Z n‡e|
·
gvZ…fvlvi
cvkvcvwk evsjv fvlvI †kLv‡bvi e¨e¯’v Ki‡Z n‡e|
·
wbR wbR
Avw`evmx wkÿK wb‡qvM K‡i, †hLv‡b ev †h GjvKvq, †h Rb‡Mvôx emevm K‡i, †m RvwZi
wkÿK we`¨vjq¸‡jv‡Z c`vqb Ki‡Z n‡e|
·
mKj wkÿK
bv n‡jI, AšÍZ 2 ev 3 Rb K‡i wkÿK wkï‡`i gvZ…fvlvi gva¨‡g cvV`v‡b mÿg; Ggb wkÿK
wb‡qvM †`qv cÖ‡qvRb|
·
cvV¨
welq‡K wKQzUv mnR‡eva¨ I Kvh©µg Kwg‡q †`qv †h‡Z cv‡i|
·
cÖZ¨šÍ I
`yM©g GjvKvi wkï‡`i K_v AMÖvwaKvi w`‡Z n‡e| m`‡i ev myweavRbK Ae¯’v‡b emevm
K‡i, Ggb wkïiv; Ab¨vb¨ ev½vwj wkï‡`i mv‡_ cvV MÖn‡Y A‡bKUv mÿg|
(10)Avw`evmx mKj
wkï‡K we`¨vj‡q fwZ© I cov‡kvbv Kivi my‡hvM K‡i w`‡Z; cÖ‡qvR‡b we‡kl Kg©m~wP
MÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e|
cwi‡k‡l, ej‡Z nq †h, eZ©gvb
cÖv_wgK wkÿv avivq, Avw`evmx wkïiv cy‡ivcywi DcK…Z n‡Z cvi‡Qbv| miKvwi-‡KmiKvwi
D‡`¨v‡M wewfbœ wkÿv Kg©m~wP eZ©gv‡b ev¯Íevqb Kiv n‡”Q e‡U, wKš‘ Zv ch©vß bq|
Kv‡RB, hZ kxNªB Gme wkïi K_v †f‡e, Zv‡`i g~j †¯ªvZavivq cov‡kvbvi my‡hvM †`qv
hvq, ZZB g½jRbK n‡e| eZ©gvb miKvi Avw`evmx‡`i e¨vcv‡i AZ¨šÍ AvšÍwiK I
mnvbyf’wZkxj| ZvB, Avw`evmx wkï‡`i †gŠwjK ev cÖv_wgK wkÿvi mve©Rwbb I gvbm¤§Z
my‡hvM wbwðZ Ki‡ZB n‡e|
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